The 1^st day is Sept. 6, Rosh Hashanah; 10^th day is Sept. 15 Yom Kippur; 15-20^th day is Sukkoth.

    Ethanim (Eth'-a-nim, 1 Kings 8:2 "feast in the month Eth'-a-nim, which is the seventh month").
Tropical: Aug. 18-Sept. 16, Gregorian: Sept. 17-Oct. 16, Julian: Oct. 1-Oct. 30.

• Hebrew 'Eythaniym, ay-thaw-neem', plural of Heb. 'ethan, ay-thawn', or (shortened) 'ethan, from an unused root meaning to continue, permanence, hence permanent, spec. a chieftain, hard mighty, rough, strong, thus always with the article; the permanent brooks, Ethanim, the name of a month.
  • Of interest is Heb. 'Ethba'al, eth-bah'-al, from Heb. 'eth, ayth, near, among, with, and Heb. Ba'al, bah'-al, a Phoenician deity, Baal, Baalim, thus with Baal, Ethbaal, a Phoenician king.
    • Hebrew 'eth, ayth, of uncertain derivation, a hoe or other digging implement, coulter, plowshare.
    • Akkadian marru "hoe, spade" from Semitic root "to hoe, farm".
    • See notes on online publishing 1998 - original copyright 1995 -- The Alpha and the Omega, Volume II, by Jim A. Cornwell -- Chapter Five, page 44-45 - file updated 8/14/98, regarding Phoenicia and Tyre, Ethbaal, king of Tyre.    Click here to see Phoenicia and Tyre.
  
      To return to Sumerian EnTeNaBarChum or the Sumerian City of Unug (Uruk/ Erech)- Fourth Dynasty, also see Corona Australis Constellation Names and Centaurus Constellation, all in regard to the Sumerian Ningirsu and the name Gudea.
  
• After the Exile, Ethanim was replaced by Tishri (tisri) the first month of the Jewish calendar.
• Akkadian tasritu, the month Tashritu.
  • From www.lexiline.com, "On the 15^th of Tashritu the scales ZI.BA.AN.NA (zibanitum), the wolf UR.IDIM, wild boar EN.TE.NA.BAR.CHUM, and the sitting dog UR.KU are visible.    The agrarian worker LU.CHUN.GA sets, the Goat UZ rises in 30 days and the opposite is the Lion UR.GU.LA."
• The Civil year began, agricultural in the Fall (Sept.-Oct.) the Feast of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah - Heb. ro's, hassana; ro's, head, beginning + ha, the + sana, year) or New Moon (See more on this at the end of this introduction).
• Canaanite derivation "begin" civil year, "dedicate" to the sun-god by the Babylonians, that which the Jews associated with the Creation and the Day of Judgment, who also began their feast on the first new moon of the year, and had some connection to the Moon-goddess at one time in their history.    See notes at the end of this section about "city of the moon."
  • Sumerian a...ru: to dedicate; to give as a votive gift (with dative) ('water' + 'to send').
    • Sumerian sar, šar: n., a surface measure of one square ninda = 36 meters2. v., to insert, enter; to begin; to write; to pay, deliver punctually; to disturb someone; to drive (with -ni-); to drive, chase away (with -ta-); to run. adj., driven out, pursued.
    • Sumerian é-u₄-sar: new moon ('house' + 'to begin').
  • Hebrew qodesh, ko'-desh, from Heb. qadash, kaw-dash', a primary root to be clean, appoint, consecrate, dedicate, hallow; thus a sacred place or thing.
  
  

      To return to the Sumerian Aga ^dANim.    More of this can be found at Corona Borealis constellation, or Corona Australis constellation and the Pisces Introduction.
  
  

• Under Sagittarius (Corona Australis, the Southern Crown) and also here in Libra (Corona Borealis, the Northern Crown) we find the star connection as seen with the name in the Sumerian AGA dA-nim, (aga₍₃₎, crown + dA-nim, divine father + high, above),
  thus "The Crown of Anu," or "The Crown of the Divine Father From Above."
  • Sumerian aga₍₃₎: turban, crown.
  • Sumerian dA-nim which is from (dA, divine father + nim, high, above), the Sumerian an: n., sky, heaven; the god An; grain ear/date cluster; v., to be high; adj., high.
    • Sumerian a, e₄: n., water; watercourse, canal; seminal fluid; offspring; father; tears; flood; interj., alas!; prep., locative suffix - where; in; when - denotes movement towards or in favor of a person; def. article, nominalizing suffix for a noun or noun clause, denoting 'the'.
    • Sumerian nim: n., prince; flying insect; highland; east; morning; v., to be high; to multiply in arithmetic; adj., high; early; adv., above.
• Early (Fall) rains begin and nights become cooler.    Fields are plowed and barley and wheat is sown.
  • Sow.
    • Hebrew zeruwa', zay-roo'-ah, from Heb. zara', zaw-rah', a primary root to sow, fig. to disseminate, plant, fructify, sow; thus something sown, sowing.
    • Sowing time is Heb. zera', zeh'-rah.
      • The meaning of this month is "the sowing of grain" or the "month of perennial streams."
    • Sumerian numun... gar: to sow ('seed' + 'to place, deposit').
    • Sumerian numun, nugun(?): n., seed; sowing; cornfield; offspring, progeny (ní , 'thing', + gùn, 'dots, speckles'). v., to produce.
    • Sumerian (giš/urudu)mar, gar₇: n., spade; earthworm; wagon (Akk. marru "hoe, spade" from Semitic root "to hoe, farm"). v., to sow, scatter; to coat, apply; to don; to immerse; to enclose, lock up.

    In the Tablets from pre-Sargonic (before 2334 B.C.) the Calendar of Ur give us nine month names, however their order is not known.    The following is one of those nine names:

• 7) Sumerian itia-ki-ti (iti, month + a, water, offspring, father, the + ki, earth, place + ti, side, rib, arrow),
  which is not an easy one to get a transliteration of the phrase for a meaning "The Watering of the Earth's Side."
  As shown above it is associated with "the sowing of grain" or the "month of perennial streams."
  • Sumerian itud, itid, itu, iti, id₈; it₄, id₄: moon; month; moonlight (te, 'to approach, meet', + ud, 'sun').
  • Sumerian a-ki-ti, (water, offspring, father, the + earth, place + side, rib, arrow) is seen as the Sumerian A, water or in, ki, earth, or the Vernal Equinox.
    • Sumerian a, e₄: n., water; watercourse, canal; seminal fluid; offspring; father; tears; flood. interj., alas!. prep., locative suffix - where; in; when - denotes movement towards or in favor of a person. def. article, nominalizing suffix for a noun or noun clause, denoting 'the'.
      • Sumerian á: (cf., áhi).
      • Sumerian a₅: (cf., aka).
    • Sumerian ki: n., earth; place; ground; grain. prep., where; wherever, whenever.
      • Sumerian kì: to build; to make; to act.
      • Sumerian ki-a-na : death offering ('earth' + 'water' + 'to water').
        • Sumerian šubur: earth.
        • Sahara to get Sumerian sahar: dust, sand, earth, mud, loam; rubbish; sediment (cf., kuš₇) (sa₅, 'red-brown', + hara, 'crushed, pulverized').
        • Sumerian ^dugsáhar [SAR]: clay pot.
    • Sumerian ti: side, rib; arrow (cf., dih and tìl).
      • Sumerian ti...ra: to shoot an arrow ('arrow' + 'to stab').
      • Sumerian ^(giš)ti-zú: barbed arrow ('arrow' + 'teeth; flint').

    The following has an opposing connection with the First Month of Aries on Jericho, "city of the moon."
    The other New Year festival of the city of the moon, is a celebration of the triumph of Nanna, the moon over the sun, Utu.    See early notes about the Feast of Trumpets or New Moon.

    Jericho (jer'-ik-o).

• Hebrew Yeriychow, yer-ee-kho', or Yerechow, yer-ay-kho', or variation in 1 Kings 16:34 Yeriychoh, yer-ee-kho', perhaps from Heb. yareach, yaw-ray'-akh, from the same as Heb. yerach, yeh'-rakh, from an unused root of uncertain significance, a lunation, i.e. month, moon, thus the moon, thus its month, or else from Heb. ruwach, roo'-akh, a primary root properly to blow, i.e. breathe; only (lit.) to smell, thus fragrant, Jericho or Jerecho, a place in Palestine, also by extension a region of the sky.
  • Other sources claim Heb. yereho, yeriho, Gr. Iericho, moon city.

    This is the Moon New Year verses the Sun New Year.

    Utu, the sun, New Year festivals.    Autumnal Equinox.

• Sumerian utu: (cf., ud).
  • Sumerian ud, u₄: n., sun; light; day; time; weather; storm (demon). prep., when; since.
    • Sumerian u₄: (cf., ud).
      • Sumerian a-u₄-te-na: at the cool of the day ('when' + 'day' + ten, 'coolness').
  • Sumerian útu: a dish prepared with milk.
  • Sumerian ud₅: (cf., ùz).

    The Phases of the Moon: Moon, Month.

New Moon:

• Hebrew chodesh, kho'-desh, from Heb. chadash, khaw-dash', a primary root, to be new; to rebuild, renew, repair, thus the new moon, by implication a month, new moon.
  • Hebrew chadrak, khad-rawk', of uncertain der., Chadrak, a Syrian deity, Hadrach.
    • This could be star name Hadar mentioned under Centaurus.
    • It also could be Hadad or Adad, seen as Hebrew 'adad, ad-ad', properly an orth. variation for Heb. Chadad, Adad, (or Hadad).
• Sumerian é-u₄-sar: new moon ('house' + 'to begin').

• Hebrew yareach, yaw-ray'-akh, from the same as Heb. yerach, yeh'-rakh, from an unused root of uncertain significance; a lunation, i.e. month, moon, thus the moon.
• Hebrew lebanah, leb-aw-naw', from Heb. laban, law-ban', primary root, to be (or become) white; also (as denom. from Heb. lebenah, leb-ay-naw', a brick (from the whiteness of the clay), (altar of) brick, tile) thus to make bricks: make brick, be (made, make) white; thus properly (the) white, i.e. the moon).
• Sumerian é-u₄-7: first crescent moon ('house' + 'day 7').

• Hebrew kece', keh'-seh, or keceh, apparently from Heb. kacah, kaw-saw', prim. root to plump, fill up hollows, to cover, thus properly fullness or the full moon, i.e. its festival, (time) appointed.
• Sumerian é-u₄-15: full moon ('house' + 'day 15').

    This file was updated on November 20, 2004, June 18, 2005, and June 30, 2010.