Sumerian Kings List - Unug (Uruk/Erech)- Fourth Dynasty

From The Alpha and the Omega - Volume III
by Jim A. Cornwell, Copyright © July 20, 2002, all rights reserved "Volume III - Sumerian Kings List - Unug (Uruk/Erech)- Fourth Dynasty"

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Sumerian Kings List - Unug (Uruk/Erech)- Fourth Dynasty

Kings after the Flood, the city of Unug (Uruk/Erech) reigns.

City	King City No.	King Flood No.	Kings Name	Years ruled	Other Notes
Unug (Uruk/Erech) - Fourth Dynasty	1	92	Ur-nijin	7 years	Other manuscripts have 3, 15, or 30 years.

    One source calls this king Ur-nigin who became King and reigned for 7 years around 2144-2137 B.C.
    Also the Ensi of Lagash: Gudea who was king/prince of the Sumerian city-state of Lagash, which is dated 2144-2124 or 2141-2122 B.C. by modern standards.    Some sources place him at 2250 B.C., and much art and magnificent statues were produced in his honor.    He reigned shortly before the Ur-III period and is not mentioned in the Sumerian King Lists but he is known from other king lists in this period and furthermore by numerous inscriptions showing the independence of his city-state.    Gudea is one of the successors of the empire of Akkad and despite the formal rule of the Gutian according to the Sumerian King Lists.    Gudea controlled part of the south of Mesopotamia (Ur, Uruk, Nippur), and during his reign a sizable number of construction activities took place (especially religious architecture) and literal creativity.    Prosperity depended of course on agriculture, but also on trade with the surrounding countries.    Many monumental and votive inscriptions have been found and about 20 diorite (dark-green granite like stone) sculptures showing often a praying Gudea.    Gudea considered himself the representative of the god Ningirsu.
    After his death he was deified.

    From my work -- The Alpha and the Omega, Volume I -- by Jim A. Cornwell -- Chapter Four Section B page 410.
SIXTH KING OF THE FIRST DYNASTY OF EGYPT
    6 -- Enezib or Anedjib 3100-3000 B.C. according to Rice, whereas Sir Flinders Petrie called him Azab-Merpaba, and Budge named him "Atab," and is called by Manetho "Miebidos."
    Louis Waddell claims that the Sixth King of Egypt's First Dynasty was called Bi-Di, Lord MAR.
    In the Indian List his name is Bahu-bida.
    This definitely shows that the Sumerian influence in Egypt had ended.

    Louis Waddell states in his Ch. XI that the sixth King of First Dynasty, Bidi or "Mie-Bidos" was a tributary Local King of Egypt contemporary with King Dudu, the sixth King of Menes' Dynasty, not a Mesopotamian Emperor and only a Temporary King.

    Michael Rice in Chapter 3 pg. 127 confirms: "After Den came Enezib, according to the list of Kings, Manetho maintains that son followed father throughout the First Dynasty but Enezib seems to be the first King accorded by later authorities with sovereignty over the Two Lands, suggesting that up to his reign the Thinite assumption of the Kingship was still disputed by the northerners.    Enezib, however, is named as the first King of the United Egypt in the Saqqara king list, but he was usurped (or at least his monuments were desecrated) by his successor Semerkhet, which suggest that the dynasty was not wholly secure and that there was some residual resistance to them still abroad.    Enezib introduces a new style with the titulary of the Kingship.    He adopted the title 'The Two Lords', suggesting that he was concerned to fuse the interests of the two great rival gods.    In this he is anticipating Khasekhemui of the Second Dynasty.    Enezib's reign marks a notable falling off in standards compared with the prosperity of his predecessors, as can be seen in the modest size of his tomb, however at his Abydos monument he could afford to install sixty-four retainers in subsidiary grave around it."

City	King City No.	King Flood No.	Kings Name	Years ruled	Other Notes
Unug (Uruk/Erech) - Fourth Dynasty	2	93	Ur-gigir	6 years	Other manuscripts have 7 or 15 years. Son of Ur-nijin.

One source calls this king Ur-gigir, son of Ur-nigin, who reigned for 6 years around 2137-2131 B.C.

Unug (Uruk/Erech)
- Fourth Dynasty

Kuda

6 years

One source calls this king Kudda who reigned for 6 years around 2131-2125 B.C.

Unug (Uruk/Erech)
- Fourth Dynasty

Puzur-ili

5 years

Other manuscripts have 20 years.

One source calls this king Puzur-ili who reigned for 5 years around 2125-2120 B.C.
The Ensi: Ur-Ningirsu ruled between 2121-2120 B.C. See above on the information about Gudea, who considered himself the representative of the god Ningirsu. After his death he was deified.

Unug (Uruk/Erech)
- Fourth Dynasty

Ur-Utu

6 years

Other manuscripts have 25 or 7 years. Also called Lugal-melem. Son of Ur-gigir.

One source calls this king Ur-Utu who reigned for 6 years around 2120-2114 B.C.
The Ensi: Pirigme was dated at 2219-2117 B.C.

City	Number of Kings	Total Years Ruled
Unug (Uruk/ Erech) - Fourth Dynasty	5	30 years for 5 kings. Other manuscripts have 43 or 26 years. Other manuscripts omits Kuda and Puzur-ili, and claim 3 kings for 47 years

The total ruling years is 30, and the dating 2144-2114 B.C. complies with that. Also the Ensi of Lagash was Gudea, which is dated 2144-2124 or 2141-2122 B.C.
Starting Date 2212 B.C., represents when the Gutians came into the picture, 58 years into the Dynasty of Agade, so we start at 2154 B.C. for the Unug (Uruk/ Erech)- Fourth Dynasty.

Go back to the Ensi of Lagash: Gudea
The following is from the Sumerian EnTeNaBarChumdNinGirSu under Corona Australis Constellation Names, Libra Introduction or Centaurus Constellation, all in regard to the Sumerian Ningirsu and the name Gudea.

Corona Australis Constellation Names

The wild boar (EN.TE.NA.BAR.CHUM), d.NIN.GIR.SU.
- Sumerian šenbar: a type of wild boar (šeg₉, 'boar', + bar, 'foreign').

Libra Introduction

From www.lexiline.com, "On the 15^th of Tashritu the scales ZI.BA.AN.NA (zibanitum), the wolf UR.IDIM, wild boar EN.TE.NA.BAR.CHUM, and the sitting dog UR.KU are visible. The agrarian worker LU.CHUN.GA sets, the Goat UZ rises in 30 days and the opposite is the Lion UR.GU.LA."

Centaurus Constellation - EnTeNaBarHum

Sumerian EN.TE.NA.BAR.HUM, Akkadian habasiranu, Centaurus.
Thus the Sumerian reads (en, lord, high priest + te, to approach, attack + na, human being, future/past tense (genative) + bar, (out)side, foreign, wild + hum, to bruise, to smash)
Its meaning is uncertain, but something like this "The Lord [High Priest] Who Approaches [Attacks] and Smashes [Bruises] The Foreign [Wild] Ones."
- In the Libra Introduction section we find:
  - From www.lexiline.com, "On the 15^th of Tashritu the scales ZI.BA.AN.NA (zibanitum), the wolf UR.IDIM, wild boar EN.TE.NA.BAR.CHUM, and the sitting dog UR.KU are visible. The agrarian worker LU.CHUN.GA sets, the Goat UZ rises in 30 days and the opposite is the Lion UR.GU.LA."
- From www.lexiline.com, "The wild boar (EN.TE.NA.BAR.CHUM), d.NIN.GIR.SU [Sumerian GIR.SU means boar], Sumerian BAR.CHUM means wild animal, Akkadian bulu, wild."
  - As seen in Virgo under Bootes in the Egyptian/Coptic section:
    - On the Denderah Zodiac beneath the feet of Virgo, Bootes is seen as a male figure with a swine-like head and horn or crescent-shaped crown holding in both hands a great ploughshare or sickle.
  - Boar or Swine.
    - Hebrew chaziyr, khaz-eer', from an unused root probably meaning to inclose, a hog (perhaps as penned), boar, swine.
    - Greek choiros, khoy'-ros, of uncertain derivation, a hog, swine.
  - Sumerian en: n., dignitary; lord; high priest; ancestor (statue). v., to rule. adj., noble.
    - Sumerian en_(2,3): n., time; background. prep., until.
  - Sumerian te, de₄; ti: v., to approach, meet (someone: dative); to attack, assault; to be frightened (alternating class, hamtu stem; cf., te-ge₂₆).
    - Sumerian te, de₄: n., cheek, chin.
    - Sumerian tè: an alkaline plant (?); soapwort (?); cardamon (cf., naga).
      - Sumerian te₈: bearded vulture.
      - Sumerian a-u₄-te-na: at the cool of the day ('when' + 'day' + ten, 'coolness').
      - Sumerian n�-te-na: alone ('fear' + 'to be frightened').
  - Sumerian na: n., human being; incense. adj., no. modal prefix, emphatic in past tense; prohibitive in present/future tense.
    - Sumerian n�, n�: (cf., nud).
    - Sumerian na₄: pebble, stone; token; hailstone; weight.
    - Sumerian na₅: chest, box.
    - Sumerian ni; na: he, she; that one.
    - Sumerian sag-apin(-na): plow guide ('head' + 'plow' + genitive).
  - Sumerian bar: n., (out)side; soul, innards; fleece. v., to open; to uncover, expose; to see; to remove; to release; to peel, pare, shell; to select; to divide; to split; to distribute; to keep away (with -ta-). adj., foreign. prep., because of.
    - Sumerian bár: (cf., barag).
    - Sumerian bar_6,7: v., to shine, be bright; to break (of the day). adj., white.
    - Sumerian ba₇: (cf., bar).
    - Sumerian a-sal-bar: architrave ('water' + 'to spread' + 'to distribute, remove').
    - Sumerian anše-bar-an-mi₂: female donkey ('equid' + 'foreign' + 'high' + 'female').
    - Sumerian anše-bar-an-nita₂: male donkey ('equid' + 'foreign' + 'high' + 'male').
    - BARA, of the House of the Pharaoh, Bar or Bara, Paraa or Egypt. "Pharaoh," from Sumerian house-sign, Bar or Par, "The Great House"; Sumerian Bar, Bara, "great house or palace or temple."
      - Pharaoh.
        
        Hebrew Par'oh, par'o', of Egyptian der., Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings, Pharaoh, and means "Great House," in Egypt "Per-o."
        Also the Akkadian word pr and SAG.AZ = Apiru, Habiru, Hebrew.
        Bull.
        
        Hebrew par, par, or pawr, from the Heb. parar, paw-rar', a bullock (as breaking forth in wild strength).
    - Sumerian šenbar: a type of wild boar (šeg₉, 'boar', + bar, 'foreign').
      - Also found under Corona Australis Star Names:
        
        The wild boar (EN.TE.NA.BAR.CHUM), d.NIN.GIR.SU.
  - Sumerian hum: to wrestle; to be passionate; to bruise, punch; to smash, break; to thresh grain; to paralyze.
    - Sumerian ga-ba-ra-hum: revolt (gaba, 'rival' + 'to overflow' + 'to smash, break').
    - Sumerian dalhamun: tornado; violent storm; duststorm; whirlpool; riot, revolt (dal, 'to fly', + hum, 'to smash, break', + an, 'sky').

This file was created on November 20, 2004.

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