• The ancient Arabic name is thought to mean "The Wounding" (cutting or tearing), which is what a scorpion does.
  • In "The Witness of the Stars," by E.W. Bullinger, page 55 "ancient Arabic name of Antares, which means the wounding."
  • In "The Witness of the Stars," by E.W. Bullinger, page 55 "It (Antares) is called by the Latin's Cor Scorpii, because it marks the scorpion's heart."
  • Another source states this as "Wounding-Many Wounds, Tribulation (Isaiah 53:5, Zech. 13:6, Matt. 24:21-22)."
    • Wounded, Wounds.
      • Isaiah 53:5, Hebrew chalal, khaw-lal', a primary root properly to bore, i.e. (by implication) to wound, to dissolve, fig. to profane, to break.
      • Zech. 13:6, Hebrew makkah, mak-kaw', or (masc.) makkeh, mak-keh', a blow (in 2 Chron. 2:10, of the flail), by implication a wound, fig. carnage, also pestilence.
    • Tribulation.
      • Matt. 24:21-22, Greek thilipsis, thlip'-sis, from Gr. thlibo, thlee'-bo, a pressure (lit. or fig.), afflicted, anguish, burdened, persecution, tribulation, trouble.
  • Rolleston claims "Antares, the wounding (Arab. form), (cutting) from Jer. 36:23."
    • Cut.
      • Hebrew qara', kaw-rah', a primary root to rend, lit. or fig. (revile, paint the eyes, as if enlarging them), cut out, rend, tear.
• Sumerian LI9.SI4, represents a Antares, Gr. against Mars, Arabic, "The Wounding," in Scorpii, the following promotes (lí9, à, or ri, against + si4, red, red-brown, reddish).
  • Sumerian lí₉: [I have not found this word in the Sumerian texts with a subscript 9].
    • Sumerian lí: true measure; fine oil.
      • Sumerian gín: hatchet, axe; shekel (of silver) (Akk. kînu 'true measure').
    • Sumerian lí: is a cedar/juniper.
  • Option the Sumerian ri: (against (with -ši-), thus the Sumerian RI.ŠI, v., to throw, cast; to place, pour, put into; to place upon or against (with -ši-); to touch; to moor a boat; to break open; to expel, remove, throw away, sweep away (with -ta-); to beget; to blow (said of a storm); to inundate; to exchange; to take; to gather, glean; to plan something (ri is hamtu form, ri-g is marû form, ri-ri-g is plural; cf., rig); adj., far.
    • Sumerian re₇; ri₆, rá, ir₁₀; e-re₇; er, ir: to accompany, lead; to bear; to go; to drive along or away; to stir, mix (plural hamtu e.re₇.er; cf., du, gin, súb).
  • Sumerian si₄, su₄, sa₁₁: red.
    • Sumerian giš-si₄: a date palm ('tree' + 'red-brown').
    • Sumerian si₄-lum: a garden plant ('reddish' + 'to grow luxuriantly').
    • Sumerian simug: metal-sculptor, smith (si₄, 'red', + mug, 'to engrave').
  • One source claims that GAB.GIR.TAB, d.Lisi, d.Nabu.
  • In his work “BABYLONIAN STAR-LORE: An Illustrated Guide to the Star-lore and Constellations of Ancient Babylonia,” by Gavin White on his page 31 claims, "It is possible that Ara, the Altar, is derived not from a Babylonian constellation but from the name of Lisi (a goddess associated with the Breast of the Scorpion) whose name is written with sign for 'fire brazier'."
• J. Epping (1889) "Astronmisches Aus Babylon," provides the Babylonian and Hassan Al-Saba (Saudia Arabia) provides the Arabic source for the following 28 lunar mansion names listed as:
  • Babylonian #24 Hurru.
  • Arabic #18 Qalb, Alcalb, Al Kalb, "Heart."
    • Another source shows Arabic lunar station #16, Al Kalb (a Leonis).
    • To Rolleston it is the 18th manzil of the lunar mansion, is called "Al Kalb, the cleaving (cage, Jer. 5:27)."
      • Cage.
        • Hebrew k^elub, kel-oob', from the same as Heb. keleb, keh'-leb, from an unused root meaning to yelp, attack, a dog, thus a bird-trap (as furnished with a clap-stick or treadle to spring it), hence a basket (as resembling a wicker cage), basket, cage.
    • Rolleston also claims "Arabic Al Kalb, the cleaving as in conflict, the enemy (dog, Psalm 22:16).
      • Dog.
        • Hebrew keleb, keh'-leb, from an unused root meaning to yelp, attack, a dog, as seen above.
    • In the "Gospel of the Stars," by Joseph Seiss, page 142, the 6th name of the lunar mansion, "Al Kalb, the cleaving or wounding."
    • The Coptic Mansion of the moon according to Kircher is karthian, the heart or the heart of Scorpius, associated with Alchas, Altoh, heart of Scorpius or The Heart of Scorpius, Latin Cor, cor Scorpii, connection to Al Kalb, The Heart Alcalb).
      • Egyptian or Coptic Isidus, "Attack of the Enemy."
        • Richard H. Allen comments: But the Denderah zodiac shows the typical form.    Kircher called the whole constellation Isias, Static Isidis, the bright Antares having been at one time a symbol of Isis.
      • In "The Witness of the Stars," by E.W. Bullinger, page 54 "The Coptic name is Isidis, which means the attack of the enemy, or oppression, referring to the wicked oppress."
        • Rolleston puts this in Psalm 17:9.
          • Opress.
            • Hebrew shadad, shaw-dad', a primary root properly to be burly, i.e. (fig.) powerful (pass. impregnable), by implication ravage, dead, destroy (-er), opress, robber, spoil (-er), utterly, (lay) waste.
• Other names for Antares: Cor Scorpii, Kalb al 'Akrab, Alcantub, Antar, Vespertilo, Kelb 'ala'crab.
  • One source claims Antares is one of the four Royal stars or Guardians of the Sky mentioned by Zarathustra around 3,000 B.C. with its Persian name Satevis in the autumnal equinox (Watcher of the West).

• Another spelling is Al Akrab, which in Arabic and Syriac means Scorpion or "The Conflict," or "War."
  • Arabic Al-'Aqrab, "The Scorpion," with some connection to the word Iclil', seen in the Arabic #17 in the information on the star d Dschubba.
  • Zechariah 11:14 "Then I cut asunder mine other staff, even Bands, that I might break the brotherhood between Judah and Israel."    11:15 "And the LORD said unto me, Take unto thee yet the instruments of a foolish shepherd."    11:16 "For, lo, I will raise up a shepherd in the land (fig. of Antichrist will probably be a Jew, or at least one in Judea), which shall not visit those that be cut off, neither shall seek the young one, nor heal that that is broken, nor feed that that standeth still: but he shall eat the flesh of the fat, and tear their claws in pieces (an expression of cruel voracity; tearing of the very hoofs, giving great pain)."    11:17 "Woe to the idol shepherd that leaveth the flock! the sword shall be upon his arm, and upon his right eye: his arm shall be clean dried up, and his right eye shall be utterly darkened."
  • In "The Witness of the Stars," by E.W. Bullinger, page 54 "The Hebrew name is Akrab, which is the name of a scorpion, but also means the conflict or war."
• Other names for Acrab: Graffias, Grafias, Akrab, Elacrab, A'crab, Aa'krab schemali.

• Arabic Al-Jabhah, "The forehead of the scorpion," and in one source shown as the 8^th manzil, called Al Jab'hah.
  • Also see Scorpius star name n Jab'bah for more information.
• J. Epping (1889) "Astronmisches Aus Babylon," provides the Babylonian and Hassan Al-Saba (Saudia Arabia) provides the Arabic source for the following 28 lunar mansion names listed as:
  • Babylonian #23 Qâbušarîšu-agrabi seems to be part of Scorpius, but likely part of Libra.
    • Also seen under Aries star names b Sheratan' we see the Babylonian #2 Mahrûšarîšu-ku and under d Botein it list as the Babylonian #3 Arkûšarîšu-ku.
  • Arabic #17 Iklil, Alichil, Iklil Al Jabhah, "Crown," or "The Crown of the Forehead."
    • Another source shows Arabic lunar station #15, Iklil al Jab'han (note: Corona).
    • To Rolleston it is the 17th manzil of the lunar mansion, is called "Al Iclil, the completing (consummation, Dan. 9:27)."
      • Consummation.
        • Hebrew kalah, kaw-law', from Heb. kalah, kaw-law', a primary root to end, thus a completion, adv. completely, also destruction, consume, consummation (-ption), was determined, end, riddance.
    • In the "Gospel of the Stars," by Joseph Seiss, page 142, the 5th name of the lunar mansion, "Al Iclil, the complete, submission."
    • The Coptic Mansion of the moon according to Kircher is stephani, the crown or The crown, associated with Alchil, crown of Scorpius , Latin Corona, connection to Iklil al Jabbah, The Crown of the Forehead (Alidil).
• Other names for Dschubba: Iclar'krav, Aatkrab genu'bi.

• Although one source calls it Ikil al 'A'krab, which gives it a connection to the b Acrab, and the d Dschubba.

• But more rarely it, is called Sargas, another Sumerian word.    It's Babylonian title also means "seizer" and "smiter."
• Is this a connection to Sargon?
  • Sargon (sar'-gon) found in Isaiah 20:1.
    • Hebrew Çargown, sar-gone', of foreign der., Sargon, an Assyrian king, Sargon.
    • Some sources claim that sargon, means "the constituted king."
  • Sargon I, was different than the one mentioned above in Isaiah, this one was a famous king of early Babylon who founded an empire that extended to the Mediterranean (2400 B.C.).    He is not referred to in the Bible.    The story is told that he (like Moses) had been put by his mother into an ark of bulrushes in the river, there to be rescued--by Akki the irrigator.    Interesting, since he predates Moses by 900 years.
• From the 30 stars Tablet from Birs Nimroud (Borsippa) the lunar mansion for Scorpius is:
  • This 27th mansion of the archaic lunar zodiac was also called Gir-tab-Bat, "Scorpion-of-Death," and Gir-Anna, "Scorpion-of-Heaven."    In the Tablet of the 30 stars, it is shown as Asterism XXVII (27): The Scorpion's Tail [q (theta), i (iota), k (kappa), l (lambda), u (upsilon)] - "The God/Goddess-Ishkara-of-the-Sea," "The God Director-of-Fire" and "The God Director-of-Sacrifice (Smiting?)."
    • The modern sequence of stars in the tail begins with: h (eta), then as seen above q (theta), i (iota), k (kappa), l (lambda), except here g (gamma), where some sources have confused u (upsilon) with the gamma symbol.
  • "When Sarur and Sargaz of the sting of Scorpio are bright, the weapons of Akkad will come...when Nergal (Mars) stands in Pabilsag (Scorpio's sting), a strong enemy will raise [his weapons] in the land...the wide forces of the enemy will slay troops...Mars has gone forward into Scorpio.    It is evil."    R. Campbell Thonpson, Reports of the Magicians and Astrologers of Nineveh and Babylon (7th century B.C.).
  • Note that the above Ishkara is the same as the d.Ishchara.
    • From www.lexiline.com, "The Scorpion (GIR.TAB), d.Ishchara, Governess of all Lands.
    • In "Hamlet's Mill" by Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha von Dechend, Gambit Inc. 1969 it states on page 409, "See P.F. Gossmann, Planetarium Babylonicum (1950), 94: ^mulGIR₂.TAB ^dIshara tam-tim."    "Anton Deimeil (Pantheon Babylonicum [1914], pp 148f.) takes ^mulGIR.TAB for beta delta alpha Scorpii only: 'Ishara est dea quaedam partus, quae relatationem habet ad Gestin anna, Adad'."    "Egyptian Selket/Serqet, the Mesopotamian Ishara tamtim, the Scorpion goddess."

• Star name l Shaula is Arabic for "the stinger," for it is at the tip of the scorpion's tail.
• Star name g Lesath which is one of the two stars making the scorpion's tail.    This name is a Latin corruption of the Arabic for "spot," probably refers to a foggy spot in the heavens created by the closeness of Shaula.
  
  
• First: Sumerian SHAR.GAZ, and its meaning (šar, enter, to begin, driven out or ^lúšár, military officer, world + gaz, to slaughter, to smash), possibly means "To Begin The Slaughter."
  • Sumerian šar, sar: n., a surface measure of one square ninda = 36 meters2; v., to insert, enter; to begin; to write; to pay, deliver punctually; to disturb someone; to drive (with -ni-); to drive, chase away (with -ta-); to run; adj., driven out, pursued.
    • Sumerian sár: (cf., šár).
    • Sumerian šár, sár: n., totality; world; horizon; v., to be many; to multiply or mix (with -da-); to slaughter; to request, implore; adj., numerous.
    • Sumerian ^lúšár: a military officer.
    • Sumerian šar₈ (NI): to interpret, explain.
    • Sumerian šaggina, šaggin, šagina: military governor (šag₄, 'guts', + gi-na, 'steady, reliable').
  • Sumerian gaz, 'to slaughter', 'to crush, powder', crushed.
    • Sumerian gaz₍₂₎: n., powder; break, fracture; war. v., to crush; to kill, slaughter; to vanquish, defeat.
  • Sumerian sa-gaz; sag-gaz: highway robber ('head' + 'to smash').
    • Sumerian sa-gaz...ak: to rob (someone: dative infix) ('robber' + 'to do').
    • Sumerian sag-gaz...ak: to slay ('head' + 'smash' + 'to do'; cf., sa-gaz).
  
  
• Second: Sumerian SHAR.UR4, its meaning (šar, enter, to begin, driven out + ur₄, sickle, harvest, to catch), as if "To Begin The Harvest."
  • See notes above in SHAR.GAZ for details on the Sumerian šar and its meaning.
  • Sumerian ur4: gur_10,14: n., sickle; v., to reap, harvest; to pluck; to shear (sheep); to gather in; to catch (in a net); to gather together; to join in assent (probably reduplication class).
  • In Assyro-Babylonian myth, a mace, Sharur, advises Ninurta on how to defeat the creature (Anzu).
    • See also the Canaanite Heyan aka Kothar-u-Khasis and the Hittite Ayas.
    • Also see Sumerian ÙZ, the goat, Akkadian Enzu, "The She-Goat," under Lyra.
    • Mace, as for Sharur in:
      • Sumerian ^(giš)tukul...sìg: to slaughter ('mace, weapon' + 'to strike, hurt').
      • Sumerian ^(giš)tukul: mace (thigh bone ?); weapon.
      • Sumerian middu₍₂₎: mace (the weapon).
      • Sumerian šíta: mace.
      • Sumerian rìg: mace, weapon.
• As to which star name is associated with either Sarur and Sargaz it is hard to tell as follows.

• The name is a Latin corruption of the Arabic for "spot," probably refers to a foggy spot in the heavens created by the closeness of Shaula.
  • Sumerian gùnu, gùn: n., dot, spot; v., to decorate with colors; adj., dappled; striped; speckled; spangled; variegated, multicolored.
• Also called by the Arabic Al-Las'ah, "The sting."
  • Hebrew for Lesath means "The Perverse," which is a nature of Satan.
    • 1 Samuel 20:30 "Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?"
    • In "The Witness of the Stars," by E.W. Bullinger, page 55 "The sting is called in Hebrew Lesath (Chaldee, Lesha), which means the perverse."    "The stars in the tail are also known as Leshaa or Leshat."
      • Rolleston claims is in Proverb 4:24 "Put away from thee a froward mouth, and perverse lips put far from thee."
      • Perverse.
        • Hebrew l^ezuwth, lez-ooth', from Heb. luwz, looz, a primary root to turn aside, be perverse, thus perverseness, perverse.
• Other names for Lesath: Al Las'ah, Lesch'at.

    One-source states that the combination of stars l Shaula and n Jab'bah, also is called Alasch'a, Al Harazah, Schom'lek, and Shom'lek.

l Shaula or Shau'la, "raised tail," but is Arabic for "the stinger," for it is at the tip of the scorpion's tail.

• Also seen as the Arabic Ash-Shaulah, "The raised tail of the scorpion."
• J. Epping (1889) "Astronmisches Aus Babylon," provides the Babylonian and Hassan Al-Saba (Saudia Arabia) provides the Arabic source for the following 28 lunar mansion names listed as:
  • Arabic #19 Shawla, Exaula, Al Shaula, "Stinger," or "The Sting."
  • Another source shows Arabic lunar station #17, Al Shaula.
  • To Rolleston it is the 19th manzil of the lunar mansion, is called "Al Shaula, the cleaving (cage, Jer. 5:27)."
    • As seen earlier on a Antares: To Rolleston it is the 18th manzil of the lunar mansion, is called "Al Kalb, the cleaving (cage, Jer. 5:27)."
      • Cage, which does not seem to comply with Al Shaula as Rolleston claims.
        • Hebrew k^elub, kel-oob', from the same as Heb. keleb, keh'-leb, from an unused root meaning to yelp, attack, a dog, thus a bird-trap (as furnished with a clap-stick or treadle to spring it), hence a basket (as resembling a wicker cage), basket, cage.
  • In the "Gospel of the Stars," by Joseph Seiss, page 142, the 7th name of the lunar mansion, "Al Shaula, the sting, the deadly wound."
    • Deadly Wound as seen in Ezek. 30:24.
      • Hebrew chalal, khaw-lal', a primary root properly to bore, i.e. (by implication) to wound, to dissolve, fig. to profane, to break.
  • The Coptic Mansion of the moon according to Kircher is aggia or angia, sacred, inviolable, chaste, associated with Allatha, Achala, Hycula, Axala, tail of Scorpius or Mansion of chastity, Latin Sancta, connection to Al Shala, The Sting (Yenla).
• Other names for Shaula: Al Shau'la, Shau'lah, Shau'ka, Mosc'lek, Mu'shalah (Al Bruni).

• The same as the Arabic Al-Jabhah, "The forehead of the scorpion," seen on d Dschubba.
• It is located either in the left claw, or as claimed part of the forehead, near the b Acrab.
• Other names for Jab'bah: Den'neb Elaa'krab, Mosch'leck.