From The Alpha and the Omega - Volume III
by Jim A. Cornwell, Copyright © July 20, 2002, all rights reserved
"Volume III - The Second Month - Star Names for Orion"

In the Second Month of Taurus

Star Names of Orion

    The combination of a Betelgeuse and b Rigel, is also called Al Najid.    In "The Witness of the Stars," by E.W. Bullinger, page 127 "other stars, not identified, named ..."    "Other (Arabic) names ...; Al Nagjed, the prince; ..."

    For details on Bellatrix, Betelgeuse, Rigel, and Saiph presented as divisions of decans on Senmut's tomb, then see Ken Bakeman's Sah-related group at Decans and Orion's Star Names.

a Betelgeuse or Bet'elgeuse, "armpit" (east), in the French Betelgeuse, probably from Arabic bayt al-jauza, means "house of the twins," because the star was thought to form part of the neighboring constellation Gemini.    It marks the right shoulder of the Great Hunter.

b Rigel, Arabic rijl for "foot" (west).    This is the oldest Arabic star name from the tenth century. g Bellatrix, "warrioress" marks Orion's western shoulder (left), and is named after one of the Amazon warriors, probably from Iranian origin.    Hercules had to obtain the girdle from Hippolyta, the Amazon queen during his Ninth Labor.

    The combination of d Mintaka, e Alnilam, and z Alnitak is also called Mizan al H'akk, Al Nasak', Al Nijad, Al Nusuk (Orion's belt).    These three stars in Orion's Belt points to the southeast for Sirius (Canis Major) and to the northeast it points to Aldebaran (Taurus).

The stars of the belt of Orion.

d Mintaka or Min'taka is a form of the Arabic word for "belt," which is where it lies (west end). e Alnilam or Alnilam', "arrangement," (of pearls) the middle one is the Arabic name for all the stars of the Belt, meaning "string of pearls," sometimes called the "golden nuts." z Alnitak or Alnitak', is the southeastern most star of the Belt and derived from a transliteration of the Arabic word for "belt."
The stars of the sword of Orion.

h Sa'if al Jabbar.

J Orionis (no name), . i Na'ir al Saif, "bright one of the sword" (tip). k Saiph or Sa'iph', which is derived from the Arabic word for "sword," (hilt) marks the right knee or foot. l Meissa or Meis'sa, means "shining" or "sparkling one," marking the head (or beard of Orion).
The stars of the shield of Orion.

p Orionis (no name) but is shown as the six stars (p 1,2,3,4, 5 and 6) of the shield of Orion.
The stars of the right arm of Orion.

n Orionis (no name), which is found in the right raised arm.

Other stars not shown here are:

In the raised right arm u, x, c1, and c2,
In the shield we see 6, o2, and 11,
In the head or beard is f1 and f2,
In the sword is s,
and above the left foot is t,
to round out the 28 stars of Orion.

The not identified stars of Orion.

u Tha'bit, which means "endurer," but it may be in error as the one listed above as n Orionis (no name), which is in the right raised arm.

    In "The Witness of the Stars," by E.W. Bullinger, page 127 "other stars, not identified, named ... Al Rai, who bruises, who breaks (as in Cepheus)."
    "Other (Arabic) names ... Al Giauza, the branch; Al Gebor, the mighty; Al Mirzam, the ruler; Al Nagjed, the prince; Niphla (Chaldee), the mighty, Nux (Hebrew), the strong."

    Some sources claim that Orion is Nimrod (the exceedingly impious rebel) among the Assyrians, Orion among the Greeks, a hero who rebelled against God in Gen. 10:9-10, and was therefore a fool, and was chained in the sky as a punishment.

Star Clusters of Orion

    M42 and M43 Orion Nebula (some of the youngest stars in the galaxy).
    IC 434 Horsehead Nebula is found just south of the star z Alnitak.


Return to Constellation Names for Orion.

    This page updated on March 21, 2004, and August 15, 2010.

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