From The Alpha and the Omega - Volume III
by Jim A. Cornwell, Copyright © July 20, 2002, all rights reserved
"Volume III - Sumerian Kings List - Urim (Ur)- First Dynasty"

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Sumerian Kings List - Urim (Ur)- First Dynasty


    Kings after the Flood, the city of Urim (Ur) reigns.

    The cities Ur and Lagash, Early Dynastic-III (2500-2350 B.C.), is outside protohistory and usually considered to be part of history.    Many source and archives are known.    One of them, contemporaneously with the archeological stratus of Uruk-IVa with archaic pictographical texts, is found in Šurruppak (Shuruppak) (modern Fara).    Another site is only known by its modern name, the village Abu salabih, with Old Sumerian texts.    The majority of these texts have an economical/administrative nature.
    Ur according to the Sumerian King Lists, has the hegemony in this era, the Early Dynastic-III, it is a port with connection to the Persian Gulf.     Some scholars' date to 3000 B.C., for the "Standard of Ur," with its war-peace plaque, religious statues, gold and silver artifacts buried in tombs of Ur.    Also the Sumerians of Abu Salabikh, wrote the first poetry.

    Lagaš (Lagash) and the religious metropolis Girsu are both cities in the extreme south of Mesopotamia.    Many Old Sumerian texts have been found here, mostly on hard materials like albast, copper and gold, e.g. the royal inscriptions of Lagash and texts about the eternal border conflicts between Lagash and the nearby city Umma (Numma?) concerning water rights and to be settled by mediation of the king of Kish.

    Ninurta (shares some characteristics with Ningirsu) - Chamberlain of the Anunnaki, the war god, the champion of the land.    He is the child of Ellil and Mami.    He was born in Ekur, and Ellil's temple is in Ekur.    He is responsible for some small-scale irrigation.    He has a bow and arrow, sometimes they are poisoned.    He also carries the mace, Sharur, which can act as a messenger between Ninurta and other beings (notably Ea).    He can marshal the Seven of Battle, who can generate whirlwinds.     He bound the Mountain of Stones in his fury, conquered the Anzu with his weapon and slew the bull-man inside the Sea. (Dalley p. 204).
    After the Tablet of Destinies was stolen, Belit-ili, at Ea's advice, instructed him to kill Anzu.    Initially his assault was futile, but Sharur relayed advise from Ea to him, which, when it was carried out allowed him to slay Anzu in a great onslaught.    He recovered the Tablet of Destinies for Ellil.     Nissaba performs a purification ceremony on him and he receives the following new names and shrines: Duku - 'holy mound' in Sumerian.
    Others are: Hurabtil - an Elamite god, Shushinak - patron god of the Elamite city Susa, Lord of the Secret, Pabilsag - god of the antediluvian city Larak, (Note: Sagittarius).    Nin-Azu - god of Eshunna, Ishtaran - god of Der, Zababa -warrior god of Kish, Lugalbanda - Gilgamesh's father, Lugal-Marada - patron god of Marad, Warrior Tishpak - similar to Nin-Azu, Warrior of Uruk, Lord of the Boundary-Arrow, Panigara - a warrior god, and Papsukkal - vizier of the great gods.

City King City No. King Flood No. Kings Name Years ruled Other Notes
Urim (Ur)
1
36
 Mec-Ane-pada 80 years
 .
    One source calls this king Meš-Anne-pada (Mesh-Anne-pada) became King and reigned 40 (?) years and dated between 2570-2530 B.C.

    The royal dynasty name, Mešannepada, has been found written on a golden plate dated to 2600 B.C. with a votive inscription.

    In The Alpha and the Omega, Volume I -- by Jim A. Cornwell -- Chapter Four page 350, regarding Louis Waddell's chart of Kings No. 2 (3348 B.C.) through No. 34 (2751 B.C), in the column of Sumerian Names in King Lists and Monuments, also the Babylonian List (Kish and Isin Chronicles), he shows king number 24, as Rumau or Pahipadda, which may correspond with the above King number 37, Mec-Ane-pada, and dates somewhere between 3100-2900 B.C., which he also calls "Mesanni-padda."

Urim (Ur)
2
37
 Mec-ki-aj-Nanna 36 years
 Other manuscripts have 30 years and also have him named as Mec-ki-aj-nuna.    Son of Mec-Ane-pada.
    One source calls this king A-Anne-pada, son of Meš-Anne-pada, reigned 40 (?) years between 2530-2490 B.C.    Meš-kiag-nunna, was the son of Meš-Anne-pada, became King and reigned 36 years at 2490-2454 B.C.

    In the twentieth century Sir Leonard Wooley discovered at the mount of al'Ubaid near Ur and ancient temple dedicated by A-anni-pad-da, (king of Ur, son of Mes-anni-pad-da, who was the founder of the third dynasty after the Flood in the Sumerian lists of sovereigns) to the goddess Nin-Kharsag.    The first of the divine kings was Dungi, the son of the goddess Ninsun.

    In The Alpha and the Omega, Volume I -- by Jim A. Cornwell -- Chapter Four page 350, regarding Louis Waddell's chart of Kings No. 2 (3348 B.C.) through No. 34 (2751 B.C), in the column of Sumerian Names in King Lists and Monuments, also the Babylonian List (Kish and Isin Chronicles), he shows king number 25, as Uruduki Raman Durashi-padda or Rutasa Rama, which may correspond with the above King number 38, Mec-ki-aj-Nanna, and dates around 2900 B.C.    Also to note is "Anni-padda" is dated to 2900 B.C.

Urim (Ur)
3
38
 Elulu 25 years
 .
    One source dates king Elulu around 2454-2429 B.C.

    In The Alpha and the Omega, Volume I -- by Jim A. Cornwell -- Chapter Four page 350, regarding Louis Waddell's chart of Kings No. 2 (3348 B.C.) through No. 34 (2751 B.C), in the column of Sumerian Names in King Lists and Monuments, also the Babylonian List (Kish and Isin Chronicles), he shows king number 26, as (?) Eama ..., which may correspond with the above King number 39, Elulu, and dates between 2900-2751 B.C.

        To see more on the name Elulu go to the Virgo Introduction as seen in the following.

Urim (Ur)
4
39
 Balulu 36 years
 .
    One source dates king Balulu around 2429-2393 B.C.

    In The Alpha and the Omega, Volume I -- by Jim A. Cornwell -- Chapter Four page 350, regarding Louis Waddell's chart of Kings No. 2 (3348 B.C.) through No. 34 (2751 B.C), in the column of Sumerian Names in King Lists and Monuments, also the Babylonian List (Kish and Isin Chronicles), he shows king number 27, as ... Biama, which may correspond with the above King number 40, Balulu, and dates between 2900-2751 B.C.

City Number of Kings Total Years Ruled
Urim (Ur) - First Dynasty
4
171 years

    Some sources claim there are 5 Kings who reigned for 177 years.    Urim is the first list that the ruling years did not exceed the proposed time frame, of 177 years, which varies by 6 years at Urim king 1.
    The dating goes from 2570-2393 B.C., which is 177 years.    The first king here is from the royal dynasty name, Mesannepada, which has been found written on a golden plate, dated to 2600 B.C. with a votive inscription.


    This file was created on November 20, 2004.

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